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Flóra a vegetace nevyužívaných brněnských areálů uvažovaných pro parkové úpravy
Bartoš, Marcel
In this diploma thesis I deal with the research of the flora and vegetation of three unused areas of Brno, in which will or may be built city parks in the future. These areas are Planýrka, the area of the former Hády tailings pond (Hapal's Park) and the location where Houbalova Park will be built. The aim by field research was to record the species of plants, document the vegetation of the defined areas and describe and characterize these areas based on the data obtained. The data was mainly obtained by floristic survey, recording phytocenological relevés, photographing vegetation using a drone and, last but not least, a detailed literature search of the natural conditions of the defined areas, botanical resources and databases, but also research on the use of the areas in the past, present and also in the future. A partial aim was to create a map of actual vegetation of the studied areas. In the field, I recorded a total of 26 phytocenological relevés representing mainly ruderal, scrub and grass vegetation and their combinations. In total, I found 389 taxa of vascular plants, of which 27 are endangered (4 protected by law) and 26 are invasive. The work also includes a documentary herbarium of selected taxa which is stored in the BRNU. Other floristic survey data are published in the iNaturalist application (NDOP) and recorded relevés are stored in the ČNFD.
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Monitoring invazních a nepůvodních rostlin v povodí řeky Ostravice
Zlá, Kristýna
Spreading of invasive plants on catchment area of the Ostravice river has been monitored from fall 2013 to fall 2014. During the study period, 24 phytocenological images for 6 areas was obtained. The results were extended with data from the Czech National Phytosociological Database and comparative study of the spreading was performed for separate parts of the catchment area. In 211 phytosociological images analyzed in total, I have found 63 non-native species from which 23 was invasive. The most common invasive species was the Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera), Small balsam (Impatiens parviflora), the knotweed (Reynoutria spp.) and the Solidago canadensis (Solidago canadensis). Number of invasive species increased with decreasing altitude. River flow control and urbanization of nearby areas also had positive effects on the spreading. The study also revealed that occurrence of individual invasive species in coastal areas was different than their occurrence in more distant areas from the river basin.
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Studium problematiky nepůvodních druhů ve vybraném úseku povodí řeky Svratky
Ševčíková, Alice
This thesis deals with the issue of alien species in the selected basin of the river Svratka. The examination of selected vegetation took place near Brno, Tišnov and in Modřice. The studied areas were located on the bank of the river Svratka, on agricultural land near the bank and a few meters from the catchment on uncultivated land. My study of vegetation areas lasted from 2013 to 2015. As monitoring methods I used Zurich-Montpelier phytosociological school. Monitoring was statistically processed by analysis DCA and CCA. Total of 91 kinds of plants were founded in the selected places of the river. The highest ground cover species were Impatiens glandulifera, Plantago major, Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Urtica dioica, Convolvulus arvensis, Galinsoga parviflora, Elytrigia repens.
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Sukcese vegetačního krytu po velkoplošném rozpadu horských smrčin v NP Šumava
Pokorná, Pavlína
The aim of this thesis is to evaluat the present state of herb layer vegetation after disturbance of mountanin Norway spruce forests in the Šumava National Park and wheather the herb layer vegetation of the mountain Norway spruce forest is determined by a spatial structure of general level of the upper canopy before disturbance even after twenty years. Overall, seven areas around Březník were evaluated. Releves of various one square meter areas which were situated under dead standing trees, under former subdominant trees, and in canopy gaps was conducted. Overall 242 phytocenological releves were made. The evaluation was supplemented by a tentative research of soil conditions with 22 soil samples taken. The results of phytocenological releves indicate that there is a connection between herb layer vegetation and its habitat of former canopy gaps, and a habitat of dead standing tree, which had formed the general level of the upper canopy in the past. However, the difference 20 years after the disturbance is not very significant, but it is still noticeable. It was discover that Avenella flexuosa and Vaccinium myrtillus are located in plots under dead standing tree and subdominant tree spruce compared to Luzula sylvatica which mostly appears in canopy gaps. The results also demonstrate, that the structure of herb-layer vegetation is conditional on habitat circumstances, particulary on the presence of rocks at the location. In areas where coverage of rock is higher Vaccinium myrtillus prevails and there is higher coverage of Norway spruce (Picea abies).
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Vyhodnocení druhového složení vegetace vybraných vinic na Znojemsku
Stehlíková, Jana
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate species composition of vegetation on vineyards Knížecí vrch and Horecký kopec in the village Hnanice (district Znojmo). All types of vascular plants were written in each vineyard. 10 phytosociological plots were recorded in each vineyard. The evaluation took place over the course of one year three times in spring, summer and autumn. Total 80 species of plants were found at both vineyards, at phytosociological plots 75 species were found. The most frequent species were Stellaria media, Achillea millefolium and Medicago lupulina in the vineyard Knížecí vrch. The most represented were Lolium perenne, Digitaria sanguinalis and Stellaria media in the vineyard Horecký kopec. Both vineyards are a significant source of plants and animals, resulting from the analysis of the species composititon of vegetation on vineyards. This biodiverzity is bound to non-forests biotopes in the naturally valuable area of the National park Podyjí and it is necessary to pay close attention to it.
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Analýza druhového zloženia vegetácie rastúcej na čiernych skládkach vo vybranom území
Maxianová, Alžbeta
This thesis named Analysis vegetation grown on illegal landfills in selected areas is deal with illegal landfills and vegetation grown on them. For research were used two localities with illegal waste. On this localities were demarcation some fields and during every seasons (spring, summer, autumn) was done phytosociological relevés. One phytosociological relevé was on 16 m2 and contains data of coverage total and coverage of each part, also list of plant species and list of waste. Wastes were classified by catalogue of waste. After that were data from phytosociological releves and plant coverage valuated through programme Canoco.
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Srovnání bylinného patra spontánně vzniklých a uměle založených lesních porostů na bývalé zemědělské půdě v okolí Huslenek
Kretová, Hana
This master thesis deals with phytocoenosis of forest stands situated on former agricultural lands near the village of Huslenky in the Vsetín region. The goal of this thesis is to compare synusia of non-woody brushwood seedling forest vegetation and artificially established stands. The research was conducted via phytocoenological analysis of four different forest units containing stands of different species with heterogenous spatial and age structure. A total of 83 phytocoenological releves were performed. The data set was extended for comparison during electronic processing by data collected in bachelor thesis by Kretová (2016), which deals with artificial afforestation of the same area of interest by spruce stands. A total of 107 phytocoenological releves were evaluated eventually. For a more comprehensive assessment of differences in the herb layers of selected stands, the soil environment was also evaluated. According to botanical outcomes there is a significant difference between species compositions of artificially established spruce stands and spontaneously growing native stands. Successional stands seem to resemble forest ecosystems and contain more of typical forest species than spruce stands even though they are quite young. The main outcomes of pedological research were pH values, degrees of saturation of sorption complex and carbon contents of evaluated soils. The pH values were significantly higher in broadleaved stands with the differences most obvious for an Ah soil horizon. The carbon contents are much higher in an Ah horizon and they are slightly higher for spruce stands than for broadleaved ones. When the values of sorption complex are taken into consideration it is possible to observe how spruce stands affect the soil by an increment of the content of acidic ions which is caused by their litter. A typological differentiation was carried out for seedling forest stands which have not yet been classified as a land intended to fulfill forest functions. In addition, the indicational potential of an herb layer was discussed as well as a comparison of native and artificial stands in regard to superstructure units of the geobiocenological system.
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Vyhodnocení druhového složení vegetace na vybraném úseku železnice
Ševčíková, Silvie
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the species composition of vegetation on the selected section of railway. Selected sections of the railway track near the railway station Brno main railway station and its auxiliary operations. Observations were made at five different sites, on the embankment in the track, the track standstill, between the rails and buildings. Vegetation was evaluated by using vegetation of fytocenological plots. At each station were carried out three plots. The evaluation was three years in the years 2013, 2014 and 2015. All reviews are carried out in the month of July. Following were statistically processed analysis DCA and CCA. On a selected section of the railway was over three years found a total of 51 species of plants. The most frequently occurring species at sites Ailanthus altissima, Arrhenatherum elatius, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echium vulgare, Equisetum arvense, Parthenocissus quiquefilia, Sambucus nigra.
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Studium problematiky nepůvodních druhů ve vybraném úseku povodí řeky Svratky
Ševčíková, Alice
This thesis deals with the issue of alien species in the selected basin of the river Svratka. The examination of selected vegetation took place near Brno, Tišnov and in Modřice. The studied areas were located on the bank of the river Svratka, on agricultural land near the bank and a few meters from the catchment on uncultivated land. My study of vegetation areas lasted from 2013 to 2015. As monitoring methods I used Zurich-Montpelier phytosociological school. Monitoring was statistically processed by analysis DCA and CCA. Total of 91 kinds of plants were founded in the selected places of the river. The highest ground cover species were Impatiens glandulifera, Plantago major, Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album, Arrhenatherum elatius, Dactylis glomerata, Urtica dioica, Convolvulus arvensis, Galinsoga parviflora, Elytrigia repens.
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